Diversifikasi Usaha untuk Keberlanjutan Lingkungan dalam Kerangka Reforma Agraria melalui Pertanian Karbon

  • Hadi Arnowo PPSDM Kementerian Agraria Tata Ruang/ Badan Pertanahan Nasional, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Keywords: Perubahan Iklim, Perdagangan Karbon, Pertanian Karbon

Abstract

The accelerating pace of climate change has prompted many countries to reduce carbon emissions through carbon farming. Carbon farming plays a crucial role in climate change mitigation by absorbing carbon while also offering economic benefits to farmers. This study aims to examine the mechanisms of carbon farming practices within the framework of agrarian reform. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, collecting data from relevant regulations, scientific papers, and activity reports. Carbon farming is implemented through agroforestry, forest land farming, and environmentally friendly mixed farming. Land designated for carbon farming can be granted rights according to the type of subject. On a large scale, communal carbon farming or partnerships with private companies through nucleus-plasma schemes provide direct financial benefits. Meanwhile, small-scale carbon farming enhances soil fertility and promotes sustainable agriculture. Although carbon farming has yet to fully benefit farmers, it holds potential as part of a sustainable farming movement and land conservation efforts. Sustainable farming aligns with agrarian reform by ensuring the continuous use of land. Therefore, farmers involved in agrarian reform can also reap the rewards of carbon farming.

Percepatan perubahan iklim global mendorong banyak negara untuk mengurangi emisi karbon melalui praktik pertanian karbon. Pertanian karbon berperan penting dalam mitigasi perubahan iklim dengan menyerap karbon sekaligus memberikan keuntungan ekonomi bagi petani. Kajian ini bertujuan menelaah mekanisme pelaksanaan pertanian karbon oleh masyarakat dalam kerangka reforma agraria. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dengan pengumpulan data dari peraturan terkait, tulisan ilmiah, dan laporan kegiatan. Pertanian karbon dilakukan melalui agroforestri, pertanian lahan hutan, dan pertanian campuran yang ramah lingkungan. Lahan untuk pertanian karbon dapat diberikan hak sesuai subjeknya. Skala luas pertanian karbon yang dikelola secara komunal atau melalui kerja sama dengan perusahaan swasta menggunakan pola inti-plasma dapat memberikan keuntungan langsung. Sementara itu, pertanian karbon skala terbatas bermanfaat bagi kesuburan tanah dan pertanian berkelanjutan. Meskipun pertanian karbon belum memberikan manfaat besar bagi petani, konsep ini dapat menjadi bagian dari gerakan pertanian berkelanjutan dan pemanfaatan lahan secara lestari. Pertanian berkelanjutan relevan dengan reforma agraria, yang bertujuan menjamin pemanfaatan lahan secara terus menerus, sehingga petani peserta reforma agraria juga dapat memperoleh manfaat dari praktik pertanian karbon.

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Published
2024-10-08
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Arnowo, H. (2024). Diversifikasi Usaha untuk Keberlanjutan Lingkungan dalam Kerangka Reforma Agraria melalui Pertanian Karbon. Widya Bhumi, 4(2), 122–135. https://doi.org/10.31292/wb.v4i2.102
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